The hydraulic breaker hammer of the excavator, being an indispensable and important piece of equipment in modern engineering construction, plays a key role in construction, mining, road construction, and building demolition due to its powerful crushing ability and wide range of applications. Below is a detailed description of the hydraulic breaker hammer of the excavator:

Definition and Overview 
The hydraulic breaker hammer of an excavator, known as a hydraulic breaker hammer, is a type of crushing equipment with hydraulic drive, installed on excavators. It uses pressurized oil supplied by the excavator or loader's pump station as a power source, and through precise control of the internal hydraulic system, it drives the piston, thereby creating high-speed impact force to achieve crushing and destruction of concrete, stone, and other hard materials. Due to its high efficiency, flexibility, and environmental protection, the hydraulic breaker hammer has become one of the important working tools of hydraulic excavators.

Structure 
The hydraulic breaker hammer mainly consists of the following parts:

Crushing head: the part that directly impacts the object to be crushed, its shape and material are specially designed to ensure effective transmission of impact force and reduce wear during the crushing process.
Cylinder: the inner part of the cylinder is filled with hydraulic oil, and the piston is pushed and moves back and forth under the pressure of the oil supplied by the hydraulic pump. The material and processing technology of the cylinder have a significant impact on the performance and service life of the hammer.
Oil pipe: the pipe connecting the hydraulic pump and the cylinder, responsible for transporting pressurized oil. The material and sealing characteristics of the oil pipe directly affect the stability and reliability of the hydraulic system.
Control valve: controls the flow of hydraulic oil and pressure to achieve the opening and closing of the hammer, regulate the impact force, and other functions. The accuracy and reliability of the control valve are crucial for the operation of the hammer.
Accumulator: some hydraulic breakers are equipped with accumulators to store and release energy to enhance impact force and work efficiency. Inside, the accumulator is filled with nitrogen, and the accumulation and release of energy occur due to changes in pressure in the hydraulic system.

Operating Principle 
The operating principle of the hydraulic breaker hammer is based on the principle of hydraulic transmission and impact crushing. When the hydraulic pump supplies pressurized oil to the cylinder, the piston in the cylinder moves back and forth under the action of the pressurized oil. When the piston moves forward, it strikes the chisel (i.e., the crushing head), creating a high-speed impact; when the piston moves back, it returns to its original position under the action of hydraulic oil, ready for the next strike. Through the adjustment of the control valve, it can perform functions of opening, closing, and adjusting the impact force of the breaker hammer.

Operational Characteristics 
Strong crushing force: the hydraulic breaker uses high-strength materials and precise design, which can generate strong crushing force and easily handle the crushing operation of various hard materials.
High work efficiency: the working principle of the hammer determines its fast working speed and high efficiency. It can perform more crushing tasks at the same time and increase construction efficiency.
Good stability: thanks to precise control of the hydraulic system and the energy accumulation and release function of the accumulator, the breaker hammer maintains stable impact force and work efficiency during operation.
Low noise level: the working principle of the hammer makes its noise relatively low, which helps improve the working environment and increase operator comfort.
Convenient maintenance: the structure of the hydraulic hammer has a reasonable design and is easy to maintain and repair. During operation, it is only necessary to regularly check and replace hydraulic oil and worn parts to ensure normal working condition.